# interstellar time dilation

Interstellar is a story set in a dystopian future where humanity is on the verge of destruction due to crop blights and dust storms. She was suspected to have perished mere relative minutes before the arrival of the Endurance crew". Opt-in alpha test for a new Stacks editor, Visual design changes to the review queues, Movie Interstellar - Question about Escape Velocity, Gravitational time dilation contradicts the concept of cosmic time. Time dilation explains why two working clocks will report different times after different accelerations. If Car B starts the race 5 minutes after Car A, then Car B should also finish the race 5 minutes after Car A, no matter how twisty the track. The explanation comes down to what scientists call Gravitational Time Dilation. How would small humans adapt their architecture to survive harsh weather and predation? Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. This translates into their paths being more steep than $45^\circ$ in the diagram. She was suspected to have perished mere relative minutes before the arrival of the Endurance crew. Further, in every part of the race track Car B will always be 5 (subjective) minutes behind Car A. I agree that time should go a little faster for the base ship than the two shuttles, since they are not in the same frame of reference. (modelling seasonal data with a cyclic spline). Mon plus grand regret est qu’ils n’aient pas mis l’effet doppler parce que ça n’était pas assez photogénique. One of his most popular films is the sci-fi — Interstellar, which deals with the topics of Black Hole, Wormhole, Parallel Dimension and Time Dilation. This finding is not just theoretical; it has been experimentally confirmed many times. Savez vous si il existe des visualisatioins de gargantua avec le doppler? She was unable to negotiate the encounter and her landing pod was destroyed. is a decent physics question. The elasticity of time is a major consequence of relativity theory, according to which time runs differently for two observers with a relative acceleration – or, from the Equivalence Principle, moving in gravitational fields of different intensities. For interplanetary space travel, you need a lot of fuel and so a large percentage of the spacecraft mass is fuel. If you have seen the film, you can skip to the next paragraph. For a black hole like Gargantua, rotating at almost the maximal speed, repeated Penrose processes could extract 29% of its mass. Thanks everyone I'm really glad they allowed this question to stay in physics and not the movie section. Time dilation, in the theory of special relativity, the “slowing down” of a clock as determined by an observer who is in relative motion with respect to that clock. #timetravel “] Length Contraction. Stack Exchange network consists of 176 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Arduino Nokia 5110 LCD. Your email address will not be published. How to address an email to an academic office where many people reply from the same email address? site design / logo © 2021 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under cc by-sa. Yes. You can’t imagine what sort of propulsion Endurance is using. This is one of the most stunning elements of the scenario of Interstellar : on the water planet so close to Gargantua, it is claimed that 1 hour in the planet’s reference frame corresponds to 7 years in an observer’s reference frame far from the black hole (for instance on Earth). How do you analyze master games without annotations? From the moment of using rocket devices a new great era will begin in astronomy: the epoch of the more intensive study of the firmament. The movie Interstellar is a sci-fi thriller of epic proportions, involving everything from escaping Earth due to climate change to wormholes and time dilation.There are many interesting concepts with various degrees of scientific truth to them, so read on and find out whether anything in Cooper’s tremendous journey would actually be possible. Although the time dilation tends to infinity when a clock tends to the event horizon (this is precisely why no signal can leave it to reach any external observer), at first sight a time dilation as large as 60,000 seems impossible for a planet orbiting the black hole on a stable orbit. The Miller’s Planet scene from Interstellar quite accurately depicted gravitational time dilation, as the planet was orbiting in very close proximity to the black hole Gargantua, and therefore every hour passed on the planet was equivalent to 7 years for any observer outside the gravitational field. So, if you're standing … To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Even though traveling the left path you experience a few minutes between $A$ and $B$, whereas you experience years between the same points along the right path, you will see the same number of waves pass a given point on the planet over that time. This corresponds to a time dilation factor of 60,000. Interstellar actually did a remarkably good job of discussing time dilation in general, especially given how counter-intuitive ideas to do with relativity can be. The plot is flaky too. Physics Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for active researchers, academics and students of physics. Kyle, you voted me down without even answering my Physics questions. Now keep in mind, that the planets had largely similar gravity compared to earth (in particular 130% and 80% of Earth's gravity for Miller's and Mann's planet respectively, and judging from Brand's bevahiour at the end we can assume Edmunds' planet to be largely similar). Were they orbiting the planet? Not realistic, you can say that again. How to fix a cramped up left hand when playing guitar? Can vice president/security advisor or secretary of state be chosen from the opposite party? Two space ships are passing each other (horizontally : at the same speed). "Every hour on Miller is about 7 years on Earth" There are 3600 seconds in an hour, and (86400 x 365.25 x 7) or roughly 221,000,000 seconds in 7 years, giving us a conversion factor of 221,000,000/3600 ≈ 61400 seconds which pass on Earth for every second spent on Miller. It's not as if the tidal wave increased in height because the sea got shallow. For instance, in an automobile race two cars may go faster in some parts of the track and slower in others, but the difference in departure/arrival times should always remains the same. Length contraction is similarly fascinating although not covered in Interstellar.With this concept, essentially, an item is measured shorter and shorter as it nears C (when measured in its direction of velocity.) A time dilation calculator of Miller's planet from Interstellar. Are red dwarfs really 30-100 times our Sun's density? This is akin to the popular science depiction of an astronaut falling into a black hole. They would have seen that 4000ft tidal wave. As you said, the time dilation effects experienced in Earth's orbit compared to its surface are on the orders of a few microsecond per day. Interstellar. Why did multiple nations decide to launch Mars projects at exactly the same time? It seems to show that the two are inviolable and non-interference each other (it will be the same on two gravity). Continue reading to watch the scene in full and for more information. The time dilation for GPS satellites is miniscule, it's 38 microseconds a day. (clock at rest on a spaceship) [Tweet “Check out the science behind #Interstellar’s time dilation! The Miller’s Planet scene from Interstellar quite accurately depicted gravitational time dilation, as the planet was orbiting in very close proximity to the black hole Gargantua, and therefore every hour passed on the planet was equivalent to 7 years for any observer outside the gravitational field. Because it's a movie. ... and maybe the vehicle's sensors were unable to resolve wave height from that altitude. I do not know what I seem to the world, but to myself I appear to have been like a boy playing upon the seashore and diverting myself by now and then finding a smoother pebble or prettier shell than ordinary, while the great ocean of truth lay before me all undiscovered. In other words, the most plausible concepts for interstellar space travel are not likely to achieve speeds of more than ten percent the speed of light – about 29,979,245.8 m / s … It becomes obvious when they reach Saturn: how do they sl… The time dilation effect “is the phenomenon where two objects moving relative to each other (or even just a different intensity of gravitational field from each other) experience different rates of time flow” (thoughtCo). The idea of it spinning around to generate gravity for the long journey, that’s fine. Have a look at InterstellarWiki and note this: "Miller is a water world and the first planet in the system orbiting Gargantua. [i] Penrose, R. : Gravitational Collapse: the Role of General Relativity, Rivista del Nuovo Cimento, Numero Speziale 1, 252 (1969). For example, at the ISS time goes slower, lagging … Ensuite, que ce soit non réaliste, puisque l’univers est infini (ou cyclique ), ça ne me paraît pas impossible d’en trouver un qui remplisse les conditions. It isn't just the science that's flaky in this movie. In Interstellar, a key plot point involves a planet, which is close to a rotating black hole and on the surface of which one hour is equivalent to seven years on Earth due to time dilation. And like I was saying, the science was portrayed as serious, when in truth much of it was science fiction. In a thought experiment, Roger Penrose suggested in 1969 the following mechanism[i]. Why is my design matrix rank deficient? The main vehicle, Endurance, was well conceived. When they were still orbiting the planet before going down wouldn't they have seen multiple tidal waves occurring one after another? e-LUMINESCIENCES: the blog of Jean-Pierre Luminet, Inference : International Review of Science, The Starry Nights of Vincent van Gogh (3) : The Starry Nigh at St-Rémy-de-Provence, The Starry Nights of Vincent van Gogh (2) : Starry Night over the Rhône, The Starry Nights of Vincent Van Gogh (1) : Café Terrace at Night, in Arles, 40 Years of Black Hole Imaging (3): from Kerr black holes to EHT, 40 Years of Black Hole Imaging (2): Colors and movies, 1989-1993, Geometry and the Cosmos (3) : from Ptolemy’s circles to Inflationary Cosmology, 40 Years of Black Hole Imaging (1): Early work 1972-1988, Geometry and the Cosmos (2) : From the Pre-Socratic Universe to Aristotle’s Two Worlds, Geometry and the Cosmos (1) : Kepler, from polyhedra to ellipses. If you were going to land on a planet, you'd orbit it and check it out first. Another effect specific to the physics of rotating black holes, which was correctly depicted in Interstellar, is the Penrose process. The left branch is the worldline of the crew that goes to the surface, while the right branch is the path taken by the ship staying in orbit. There would not have even been a 23 year difference. Miller takes its name from Dr. Miller, who landed on the planet and activated the "thumbs up" beacon". However Thorne did a few hours of calculations and came to the conclusion that in fact it was marginally possible (although very unlikely). Is it legal to forge a Permission to Attack during a physical penetration test engagement? It will be the same also on vector of gravity and inertial force that act at an optional point of an elevator cabin in free fall. I know that the science in movies is questionable and sometimes ridiculous but I would think this question would have been more obvious to the script writers. I don’t understand where the big fraction in the formulat for the 1hour 7 years time dilation comes from. What was Anatolian language during the Neolithic era according to Kurgan hypothesis proponents? By clicking “Post Your Answer”, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Wouldn't they have seen multiple tidal waves occurring one after another? The key point is the black hole’s spin. I realize now planet and star would have been in the same gravity well or the same time dilation. http://www.geocities.co.jp/Technopolis/2561/eng.html, Below is new URL of my web site. Sequel of the preceding post The Warped Science of Interstellar (3/6). The time dilation that occurred in the movie is possible as the effects of dilation is exponentially increased as closer one accelerates to the speed of light. Use MathJax to format equations. Putting a planet with a decent atmosphere and liquid water on the edge of the event horizon means its orbit should cross the accretion disk at least two times per orbit. Why not answer the question instead of playing these word games? There would not have even been a 23 year difference in time then... Wave increased in height because the sea got shallow ”, you can learn by... Out the science behind the movie portrayed as serious, when in truth of. Give it the thumbs up inside an hour when I can start work though I already... He refuses to turn over his financial records planet they were almost by... To Attack during a physical penetration test engagement reading to watch the scene here 30-100 times Sun... Not answer the question instead of playing these word games Assuming the base ship is waiting, it sees... Been a 23 year difference in time dilations then my original question would have in! ; that was really well done in time dilations then my original question would certainly! 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To a time dilation ( Explains Interstellar scene! fuel tanks negotiate the encounter and her landing was. Which was correctly depicted in Interstellar, is called « time dilation of an astronaut into! Almost the maximal speed, repeated Penrose processes could extract 29 % of its mass to this RSS feed copy. The same time have applied was portrayed as serious, when in truth much of it around. A different background color for each node editor, clarification, or responding to other answers as! Of it spinning around to generate gravity for the 1hour 7 years are just around 60 000 hours and. Russian Astronautics, 1896 of playing these word games movie section runs slower wherever is... Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the long journey, that ’ s of! The explanation comes down to what scientists call Gravitational time dilation inspired from Hindu mythology for interstellar time dilation, is! 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The one thing I would criticise: you don ’ t see any fuel tanks had. Locally travel faster than light really 30-100 times our Sun 's density B$ the! Continue reading to watch the scene in full and for more information multiple tidal waves occurring one another.